How do solar street lights achieve lighting

The solar street light can also turn on at night and in winter. The reason is that it has a battery to store electrical energy. So what is its working principle?

Solar street light structure

The main accessories of solar street lights are: photovoltaic panels, batteries, solar charge and discharge controllers and LED light sources.

Working principle

1. Photovoltaic panels

Photovoltaic panels are composed of multiple sets of solar cells, most of which are monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon. It uses the principle of 'photoelectric effect' to convert light energy into electrical energy, and finally output direct current.

The photoelectric conversion efficiency is related to the photovoltaic equipment and the light intensity. The stronger the light, the more electricity is converted, and the weaker the light will convert the less electricity. There is also light in winter, so it will also output electricity.

2, battery

Because the photovoltaic panels output direct current, they can be stored directly in batteries.

3, solar charge and discharge controller

Solar charge and discharge controller is an important accessory for photovoltaic street lights.

It can guarantee constant current output and reduce the use of LED light source drive.

The discharge period can be controlled to control the street lamp lighting time.

There are protection devices such as short-circuit protection, overload protection and under-voltage protection.

4. Working principle

Photovoltaic panels convert light energy into electrical energy during the day and store it in the battery. At night, the battery is discharged, and the LED light source provides lighting when it is charged. In this process, the storage, discharge time and current of the battery are controlled by the controller.